On this day in the year 660 before the common era (BCE) the empire of Japan is founded by Jimmu; 2,549 years later, in the year 1889 of the common era (CE), Japan adopts the Meiji Constitution establishing a parliamentary government.
On this day in the year 385 CE, Siricius is elected as Bishop of Rome, he is the first to use the moniker of pope, or papa as head of the Catholic Church; his use of this title is contested by the bishops of Alexandria and Constantinople and the doctrine of Petrine Supremacy is asserted.
On this day in 1790 CE the Society of Friends petitions Congress for abolition of slavery; one hundred and seventy-one years later Robert Weaver is sworn in as Administrator of the Housing and Home Finance Agency, becoming the first African American to be appointed to a cabinet-level position in the United States. Fifteen years after that Clifford Alexander Jr is confirmed as first African American US Secretary of Army.
In 1808 CE, anthracite coal is first burned as fuel experimentally in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania; one year later American inventor Robert Fulton patents the steamboat.
In 1852 CE the first British public female toilet opens on Bedford Street in London, England; sixty-four years later Emma Goldman is arrested for lecturing on birth control. Seventy-three years after that, in 1989 CE, Barbara Harris is installed as the first female bishop of a United States Episcopal Church in the diocese of Boston, Massachusetts; four years later, United States president Bill Clinton selects Janet Reno to become the first female United States Attorney General.
In 1905 CE James Blackstone of Seattle, bowls 299½; the last pins breaks, the top half falls off but the bottom half remains standing, he is credited with half a point but denied a perfect game.
In 1949 CE the single Lovesick Blues is released by Hank Williams making it the Billboard Song of the Year; also on this day Willie Pep recaptures world featherweight boxing title; fifty-one years later, in a huge upset James "Buster" Douglas knocks out “Iron” Mike Tyson in the tenth round to win the world heavyweight boxing title in Tokyo Japan.
In 1963 CE American chef Julia Child's show The French Chef premieres on WGBH in Boston, Massachusets; one year later The Beatles make first concert appearance in the United States at the Washington Coliseum in Washington, D.C..
In 1966 CE, San Francisco Giants outfielder Willie Mays signs baseball's highest contract to date, at $130,000 per year; five years later; the first Major League Baseball arbitration case begins with Minnesota Twins pitcher Dick Woodson seeking $29,000. The Twins offered $23,000…Dick Woodson wins. Fourteen years after Kent Hrbek signs a five-year, six-million-dollar contract, also with the Minnesota Twins.
In 1971 CE, the United States, United Kingdom, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and others sign the Seabed Arms Control Treaty outlawing nuclear weapons on the ocean floor; sixteen years later the United States performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1978 China lifts its ban on the works of Aristotle, William Shakespeare and Charles Dickens; one year later, Iran's Prime Minister Shapour Bakhtiar resigns after losing support of the military and the ayatollah Khomeini seizes power. Twelve years after that in 1990 CE, Nelson Mandela is released from prison after twenty-seven years; sixteen years later, United States vice president Dick Cheney accidentally shoots Harry Whittington in the face with a shotgun while on a quail hunt on a ranch in Riviera, Texas…Wittington survives.
In 1999 CE Pluto moves further away from the sun than Neptune in its orbit, regaining its status as the solar system's outermost planet; this title would have remained with Pluto for the following two hundred and twenty-eight years, but for the fact that in 2006 CE the Astronomical Union downgraded Pluto’s official status to “dwarf planet,” planetoid or planetesimal.
In 2016 CE astrophysicists at the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) announce their discovery gravitational-waves in the collision of two black holes.
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